Ap english language and composition 2022 free response questions answers - (This question counts for one-third of the total essay section score.) As the Internet age changes what and how people read, there has been considerable debate about the future of public libraries.

 
AP® English Language and Composition 2005 Free-Response Questions The College Board: Connecting Students to College Success The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity.. Jersey mikepercent27s closing time

AP® English Language and Composition Directions for Administration The AP English Language and Composition Exam is 3 hours and 15 minutes in length and consists of a multiple-choice section and a free-response section. • The 60-minute multiple-choice section (Section I) contains 54 questions and accounts for 45 percent of the final grade.Test Prep Books' AP English Language and Composition 2021 - 2022: AP English Language and Composition Study Guide with Practice Test Questions [3rd Edition] Made by Test Prep Books experts for test takers trying to achieve a great score on the AP English Language exam. This comprehensive study guide includes:Free-Response Questions. Download free-response questions from past exams along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions.Advanced Placement® Language and Literature Tests from 1970 to 2023. AP Language and LiteratureTests Reorganized: Each prompt is now a separate dated file with prompt, scoring guide (6-point and/or 9-point), sample student essays, comments -- whatever I have, attached. Released multiple-choice exams are in a separate folder.AP® English Language and Composition 2005 Free-Response Questions The College Board: Connecting Students to College Success The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity.AP English Literature and Composition 2021 Free-Response Questions Author: ETS Subject: Free-Response Questions from the 2021 AP English Literature and Composition Exam Keywords: English Literature and Composition; Free-Response Questions; 2021; exam resources; exam information; teaching resources; exam practice Created Date: 20191003081438ZFree-Response Questions. Download free-response questions from past exams along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions. If you are using assistive technology and need help accessing these PDFs in another format, contact Services for Students with Disabilities at 212-713-8333 or by email at ssd@info ...English Language and Composition; Free-Response Questions; 2022; exam resources; exam information; teaching resources; exam practice Created Date 9/20/2021 8:04:57 AMAP English Literature and Composition Prose Fiction Analysis Free-Response Question (2020) Sample Student Responses 3 Sample B [1] The author uses vivid imagery, subtle characterization, and deeply personal anecdotes to describe how Philip is more open to forgiving his grandfather for the past than he may realize.2021 AP English Literature and Composition Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary ® Inside: Free Response Question 2 •• Scoring Guideline •• Student SamplesAP English Literature and Composition 2021 Free-Response Questions Author: ETS Subject: Free-Response Questions from the 2021 AP English Literature and Composition Exam Keywords: English Literature and Composition; Free-Response Questions; 2021; exam resources; exam information; teaching resources; exam practice Created Date: 20191003081438ZThis question counts for one-third of the total essay section score.) Many high schools, colleges, and universities have honor codes or honor systems: sets of rules or principles that are intended to cultivate integrity.Albert features hundreds of AP-aligned AP® English Language practice questions and free response questions for you to study as you prepare for your AP® exam. Use Albert to study at your own convenience. Deliberate practice works! Students who used Albert for AP® English Language have beat the national pass rates by 13.61%.2021 AP ® English Language and Composition Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary Inside: Free Response Question 3 • Scoring Guideline • Student Samples • •Scoring CommentaryAP® English Language and Composition Directions for Administration The AP English Language and Composition Exam is 3 hours and 15 minutes in length and consists of a multiple-choice section and a free-response section. • The 60-minute multiple-choice section (Section I) contains 54 questions and accounts for 45 percent of the final grade. Susan Chu. Updated: January 16, 2023. The 2023 AP exams will take place over a two-week period in May: May 1–5 and May 8–12. The AP English Literature and Composition exam for 2023 will be a full-length paper-and-pencil exam that students can take in school only. Here is what you need to know to do well in the upcoming AP English Literature ...AP® English Language and Composition 2005 Free-Response Questions The College Board: Connecting Students to College Success The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity.AP English Literature and Composition Prose Fiction Analysis Free-Response Question (2020) Sample Student Responses 3 Sample B [1] The author uses vivid imagery, subtle characterization, and deeply personal anecdotes to describe how Philip is more open to forgiving his grandfather for the past than he may realize.45 The AP English Language and Composition Exam 46 Summary of Scoring Rubrics 47Sample AP English Language and Composition Exam Questions 47 Sample Multiple-Choice Questions 64 Answers to Multiple-Choice Questions 65 Sample Free-Response Questions 78References 79AP English Language and Composition Course at a Glance 4 Return to the Table of ...This question counts for one-third of the total essay section score.) Many high schools, colleges, and universities have honor codes or honor systems: sets of rules or principles that are intended to cultivate integrity.Course. AP English Language and Composition is a course in the study of rhetoric taken in high school. Many schools offer this course primarily to juniors and the AP English Literature and Composition course to seniors. Other schools reverse the order, and some offer both courses to both juniors and seniors.AP® English Language and Composition 2022 Scoring Guidelines. Argument Essay 6 points . Colin Powell, a four-star general and former United States secretary of state, wrote in his 1995 autobiography: “[W]e do not have the luxury of collecting information indefinitely. At some point, before we can have every possible fact in hand, we have to ...The AP English Literature and Composition Exam has consistent question types, weighting, and scoring guidelines every year, so you and your students know what to expect on exam day. There will also be a consistent range of difficulty in the reading passages across all versions of the exam from year to year. The free-response questions will be ...AP English Language and Composition Rhetorical Analysis Free-Response Question (2020) Sample Student Responses 3 pathos and emotion, reminding the people of a common love for one’s country and president, and an admiring tone towards Kennedy, he was able to secure the funds to support the library and museum in Kennedy’s honor.AP English Language Scoring Rubric, Free-Response Question 1-3 | SG 1 Scoring Rubric for Question 1: Synthesis Essay 6 points Reporting Category Scoring Criteria Row A Thesis (0-1 points) 4.B 0 points For any of the following: • There is no defensible thesis. • The intended thesis only restates the prompt.AP® English Language and Composition Directions for Administration The AP English Language and Composition Exam is 3 hours and 15 minutes in length and consists of a multiple-choice section and a free-response section. • The 60-minute multiple-choice section (Section I) contains 54 questions and accounts for 45 percent of the final grade.AP ® English Language and Composition 2021 Free-Response Questions. Source C . Trubek, Anne. “Handwriting Just Doesn’t Matter.” The New York TimesFormat of the 2024 AP English Language and Composition exam. This year, all AP exams will cover all units and essay types. The 2024 AP English Language and Composition exam format will be: Section I: Multiple Choice - 45% of your score. 45 questions in 1 hour. Section II: Free Response Section - 55% of your score. 2 hours and 15 minutes for: 1 ...AP® English Language and Composition 2009 Free-Response Questions The College Board The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 5,600 schools, colleges, universities and other educational ...Section 2: Free Response. 3 questions 55% of Score. The 2 hour and 15 minute time limit for this section includes a 15-minute reading period. In the free-response section, you’ll respond to three questions with written answers. This section tests your skill in composition in three areas: AP English Language and Composition Rhetorical Analysis Free-Response Question (2020) Sample Student Responses . 3 . Sample B [1] On April 9, 1964, United States First Lady Claudia Johnson gave a speech in honor of Eleanor Roosevelt. She spoke to those in attendance of the luncheon, specifically talking to the women within the crowd. AP English Language and Composition Course and Exam Description. This is the core document for this course. Unit guides clearly lay out the course content and skills and recommend sequencing and pacing for them throughout the year. The CED was updated in the summer of 2020 to include scoring guidelines for the example questions.2021 AP ® English Language and Composition Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary Inside: Free Response Question 3 • Scoring Guideline • Student Samples • •Scoring CommentaryAP® English Language and Composition 2022 Scoring Guidelines. Argument Essay 6 points . Colin Powell, a four-star general and former United States secretary of state, wrote in his 1995 autobiography: “[W]e do not have the luxury of collecting information indefinitely. At some point, before we can have every possible fact in hand, we have to ... AP® English Language and Composition 2009 Free-Response Questions The College Board The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 5,600 schools, colleges, universities and other educational ...In your response you should do the following: • Respond to the prompt with a thesis that analyzes the writer’s rhetorical choices. • Select and use evidence to support your line of reasoning. • Explain how the evidence supports your line of reasoning. • Demonstrate an understanding of the rhetorical situation.AP® English Literature and Composition 2022 Scoring Guidelines. Question 2: Prose Fiction Analysis 6 points . The following excerpt is from Linda Hogan’s novel . People of the Whale, published in 2008. In this passage, the narrator describes two events that occurMay 9, 2023 · Exam Review - Synthesis Essay. Overcome the synthesis essay in AP English Language and Composition exam! We will guide you through the exam structure, scoring rubrics, creating an outline, and managing your time, Supplemented with practice prompts, we give tips on showing sophistication and devloping your introduction, thesis, body paragraphs, and conclusion. The AP English Literature and Composition Exam has consistent question types, weighting, and scoring guidelines every year, so you and your students know what to expect on exam day. There will also be a consistent range of difficulty in the reading passages across all versions of the exam from year to year. The free-response questions will be ...AP®English Language and Composition 2022 Free-Response Questions ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION SECTION II Total time—2 hours and 15 minutes 3 Questions Question 1 Suggested reading and writing time—55 minutes It is suggested that you spend 15 minutes reading the question, analyzing and evaluating the sources, and 40 minutes writing your respo... AP® English Language and Composition 2010 Free-Response Questions The College Board The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board is composed of more than 5,700 schools, colleges, universities and otherAP® English Language and Composition 2010 Free-Response Questions The College Board The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board is composed of more than 5,700 schools, colleges, universities and otherAP ® English Language and Composition 2021 Free-Response Questions. Source C . Trubek, Anne. “Handwriting Just Doesn’t Matter.” The New York TimesUnfortunately, we have been denied permission to reprint online the passage that accompanies Question 2 of the 1999 AP English Language free-response question. The essay "On Seeing England for the First Time" can be found in Best American Essays, 1992, edited by Susan Sontag and published by Ticknor and Fields, 1992.Includes 5 sets of questions: 23–25 Reading questions that ask students to read and analyze nonfiction texts. 20–22 Writing questions that ask students to “read like a writer” and consider revisions to stimulus texts. Section II: Free Response. 3 Questions | 2 hours 15 minutes (includes a 15-minute reading period | 55% of Exam Score2002 Ap English Language Composition Free Response Questions Sample Essays, Cover Letter Sample For The Position, Chef Curriculum Vitae Examples, Best Analysis Essay Writer Services For School, Resume Name And Credentials, Research Proposal Editor Websites, essays services Creating a hypothesis should be easy, but finding an explanation for it may be difficult.45 The AP English Language and Composition Exam 46 Summary of Scoring Rubrics 47Sample AP English Language and Composition Exam Questions 47 Sample Multiple-Choice Questions 64 Answers to Multiple-Choice Questions 65 Sample Free-Response Questions 78References 79AP English Language and Composition Course at a Glance 4 Return to the Table of ...The following comments on the 2022 free-response questions for AP ® English Language and Composition were written by the Chief Reader Akua Duku Anokye, Associate Professor, Arizona State University. They give an overview of each free-response question and of how students performed on the question, including typical student errors. 2022 AP Lit FRQ 3: Accepting or Rejecting Hierarchical Structure . Part 4 of 4. Written by Michelle Lindsey. With AP Literature testing finally over and the College Board finally releasing the Free Response Questions, it’s time to talk about Question 3. Fortunately for my kids, we had a class discussion recapping the novels we read throughout ...simplistic in their explanation and argument, weak in their control of language, or especially lacking in coherence. 0. Indicates an off-topic response, one t hat merely repeats the prompt, an entirely crossed-out response, a drawing, or a response in a language other than English. — Indicates an entirely b lank response.The AP® Language and Composition exam tests your ability to not only read content, but also to analyze what you have read and draw conclusions to present in an argument. The test consists of two parts: multiple choice and free response, and it lasts 3 hours and 15 minutes. It is a long and difficult test, but with the right amount of practice ...your answer sheet, one response per question. Completely fill in the circles. If you need to erase, do so carefully and completely. No credit will be given for anything written in the exam booklet. Scratch paper is not allowed, but you may use the margins or any blank space in the exam booklet for scratch work. Are there any questions? . . .AP English Literature and Composition 2021 Free-Response Questions Author: ETS Subject: Free-Response Questions from the 2021 AP English Literature and Composition Exam Keywords: English Literature and Composition; Free-Response Questions; 2021; exam resources; exam information; teaching resources; exam practice Created Date: 20191003081438ZAP ® European History 2022 Free-Response Questions. 1. EvaluatewhethertheEnglishCivilWar(1642–1649)wasmotivatedprimarilybyreligiousreasonsorprimarilyAdvanced Placement® Language and Literature Tests from 1970 to 2023. AP Language and LiteratureTests Reorganized: Each prompt is now a separate dated file with prompt, scoring guide (6-point and/or 9-point), sample student essays, comments -- whatever I have, attached. Released multiple-choice exams are in a separate folder.AP® English Language and Composition 2009 Free-Response Questions The College Board The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 5,600 schools, colleges, universities and other educational ...Original free-response prompts for AP® English Language that mimic the questions found on the real exam. Our expert authors also provide an exemplary response for each AP free response question so students can better understand what AP graders look for.Section 1: Multiple Choice. 55 questions 45% of Score. There are 5 sets of questions made up of 8–13 questions each. Questions include excerpts from prose fiction, drama, or poetry. Each excerpt is accompanied by several multiple-choice questions. There will be at least 2 prose fiction passages (this may include drama) and at least 2 poetry ...2021 AP ® English Language and Composition Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary Inside: Free Response Question 3 • Scoring Guideline • Student Samples • •Scoring CommentaryFree-Response Questions. Download free-response questions from past exams along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions. If you are using assistive technology and need help accessing these PDFs in another format, contact Services for Students with Disabilities at 212-713-8333 or by email at ssd@info ...AP English Literature and Composition 2021 Free-Response Questions Author: ETS Subject: Free-Response Questions from the 2021 AP English Literature and Composition Exam Keywords: English Literature and Composition; Free-Response Questions; 2021; exam resources; exam information; teaching resources; exam practice Created Date: 20191003081438ZAP English Language and Composition Rhetorical Analysis Free-Response Question (2020) Sample Student Responses 3 pathos and emotion, reminding the people of a common love for one’s country and president, and an admiring tone towards Kennedy, he was able to secure the funds to support the library and museum in Kennedy’s honor.AP ® English Language and Composition 2021 Free-Response Questions. Source C . Trubek, Anne. “Handwriting Just Doesn’t Matter.” The New York TimesExam Review - Synthesis Essay. Overcome the synthesis essay in AP English Language and Composition exam! We will guide you through the exam structure, scoring rubrics, creating an outline, and managing your time, Supplemented with practice prompts, we give tips on showing sophistication and devloping your introduction, thesis, body paragraphs, and conclusion.AP® English Literature and Composition 2022 Scoring Guidelines. Question 2: Prose Fiction Analysis 6 points . The following excerpt is from Linda Hogan’s novel . People of the Whale, published in 2008. In this passage, the narrator describes two events that occurSusan Chu. Updated: January 16, 2023. The 2023 AP exams will take place over a two-week period in May: May 1–5 and May 8–12. The AP English Literature and Composition exam for 2023 will be a full-length paper-and-pencil exam that students can take in school only. Here is what you need to know to do well in the upcoming AP English Literature ...2022 Free-Response Questions Question Mean . Standard Deviation Number of Possible Points ; 1 3.56 ; ... AP English Language and Composition Author: College Board45 The AP English Language and Composition Exam 46 Summary of Scoring Rubrics 47Sample AP English Language and Composition Exam Questions 47 Sample Multiple-Choice Questions 64 Answers to Multiple-Choice Questions 65 Sample Free-Response Questions 78References 79AP English Language and Composition Course at a Glance 4 Return to the Table of ...Free-Response Questions. Download free-response questions from past exams along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions. If you are using assistive technology and need help accessing these PDFs in another format, contact Services for Students with Disabilities at 212-713-8333 or by email at ssd@info ...The thesis is stated at the end of paragraph 1: “Cursive handwriting, though it may seem outdated in the digital age, is vital in society not only because it promotes cognitive development, but because it can be used to define aMay 9, 2023 · Exam Review - Synthesis Essay. Overcome the synthesis essay in AP English Language and Composition exam! We will guide you through the exam structure, scoring rubrics, creating an outline, and managing your time, Supplemented with practice prompts, we give tips on showing sophistication and devloping your introduction, thesis, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Format of the 2024 AP English Language and Composition exam. This year, all AP exams will cover all units and essay types. The 2024 AP English Language and Composition exam format will be: Section I: Multiple Choice - 45% of your score. 45 questions in 1 hour. Section II: Free Response Section - 55% of your score. 2 hours and 15 minutes for: 1 ...Exam Review - Synthesis Essay. Overcome the synthesis essay in AP English Language and Composition exam! We will guide you through the exam structure, scoring rubrics, creating an outline, and managing your time, Supplemented with practice prompts, we give tips on showing sophistication and devloping your introduction, thesis, body paragraphs, and conclusion.Advanced Placement® Language and Literature Tests from 1970 to 2023. AP Language and LiteratureTests Reorganized: Each prompt is now a separate dated file with prompt, scoring guide (6-point and/or 9-point), sample student essays, comments -- whatever I have, attached. Released multiple-choice exams are in a separate folder.Question 1: Synthesis Essay 6 points . As the Internet age changes what and how people read, there has been considerable debate about the future of public libraries. While some commentators question whether libraries can stay relevant, others see new possibilities for libraries in the changing dynamics of today’s society.AP English Literature and Composition 2021 Free-Response Questions Author: ETS Subject: Free-Response Questions from the 2021 AP English Literature and Composition Exam Keywords: English Literature and Composition; Free-Response Questions; 2021; exam resources; exam information; teaching resources; exam practice Created Date: 20191003081438Zsimplistic in their analysis, or weak in their control of language. 0 Indicates an on-topic response that receives no credit, such as one that merely repeats the prompt. — Indicates a blank response or one that is completely off topic.AP® English Language and Composition 2010 Free-Response Questions The College Board The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board is composed of more than 5,700 schools, colleges, universities and otherMay 9, 2023 · Exam Review - Synthesis Essay. Overcome the synthesis essay in AP English Language and Composition exam! We will guide you through the exam structure, scoring rubrics, creating an outline, and managing your time, Supplemented with practice prompts, we give tips on showing sophistication and devloping your introduction, thesis, body paragraphs, and conclusion. 2021 AP ® English Language and Composition Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary Inside: Free Response Question 3 • Scoring Guideline • Student Samples • •Scoring CommentaryAP®English Language and Composition 2022 Free-Response Questions ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION SECTION II Total time—2 hours and 15 minutes 3 Questions Question 1 Suggested reading and writing time—55 minutes It is suggested that you spend 15 minutes reading the question, analyzing and evaluating the sources, and 40 minutes writing your respo...Updated: January 16, 2023. The 2023 AP exams will take place over a two-week period in May: May 1–5 and May 8–12. The AP English Language and Composition exam for 2023 will be a full-length paper-and-pencil exam that students can take in school only. Here is what you need to know to do well in the upcoming AP English Language exam.AP® English Language and Composition 2010 Free-Response Questions The College Board The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board is composed of more than 5,700 schools, colleges, universities and other2021 AP ® English Language and Composition Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary Inside: Free Response Question 3 • Scoring Guideline • Student Samples • •Scoring Commentary2022 AP ® English Language and Composition Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary Inside: Free-Response Question 2 Scoring Guidelines Student Samples Scoring Commentary

AP® English Language and Composition 2022 Scoring Guidelines. Argument Essay 6 points . Colin Powell, a four-star general and former United States secretary of state, wrote in his 1995 autobiography: “[W]e do not have the luxury of collecting information indefinitely. At some point, before we can have every possible fact in hand, we have to .... Wiring diagram for blower motor resistor 5af72bbdca896.gif

ap english language and composition 2022 free response questions answers

Albert features hundreds of AP-aligned AP® English Language practice questions and free response questions for you to study as you prepare for your AP® exam. Use Albert to study at your own convenience. Deliberate practice works! Students who used Albert for AP® English Language have beat the national pass rates by 13.61%.AP English Language and Composition Rhetorical Analysis Free-Response Question (2020) Sample Student Responses . 3 . Sample B [1] On April 9, 1964, United States First Lady Claudia Johnson gave a speech in honor of Eleanor Roosevelt. She spoke to those in attendance of the luncheon, specifically talking to the women within the crowd. Note: You may begin writing your response before the reading period is over. (This question counts for one-third of the total essay section score.) In response to our society’s increasing demand for energy, large-scale wind power has drawn attention from2021 AP ® English Language and Composition Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary Inside: Free Response Question 3 • Scoring Guideline • Student Samples • •Scoring CommentaryFree-Response Questions. Download free-response questions from past exams along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions. Unfortunately, we have been denied permission to reprint online the passage that accompanies Question 2 of the 1999 AP English Language free-response question. The essay "On Seeing England for the First Time" can be found in Best American Essays, 1992, edited by Susan Sontag and published by Ticknor and Fields, 1992.3 questions. 2 hours and 15 minutes. 55%. The AP® English Language exam was updated beginning in the 2020 exam year — these changes remain in place for the 2023 exam year. The number of multiple choice questions has been reduced to 45, while the time limit remains one hour.In 2021, the AP® English Literature exam had a passing rate of 43.9% and a mean score of 2.47. Both of these statistics showed that, in 2021, the AP® English Literature exam was harder than the average AP® exam for students to pass. However, the 2022 AP® English Literature exam results showed a major jump in passing rate!your answer sheet, one response per question. Completely fill in the circles. If you need to erase, do so carefully and completely. No credit will be given for anything written in the exam booklet. Scratch paper is not allowed, but you may use the margins or any blank space in the exam booklet for scratch work. Are there any questions? . . .AP® English Literature and Composition 2022 Scoring Guidelines. Question 2: Prose Fiction Analysis 6 points . The following excerpt is from Linda Hogan’s novel . People of the Whale, published in 2008. In this passage, the narrator describes two events that occurAP English Language and Composition Course and Exam Description. This is the core document for this course. Unit guides clearly lay out the course content and skills and recommend sequencing and pacing for them throughout the year. The CED was updated in the summer of 2020 to include scoring guidelines for the example questions.2021 AP English Literature and Composition Sample Student Responses and Scoring Commentary ® Inside: Free Response Question 2 •• Scoring Guideline •• Student SamplesOriginal free-response prompts for AP® English Language that mimic the questions found on the real exam. Our expert authors also provide an exemplary response for each AP free response question so students can better understand what AP graders look for.Format of the 2024 AP English Language and Composition exam. This year, all AP exams will cover all units and essay types. The 2024 AP English Language and Composition exam format will be: Section I: Multiple Choice - 45% of your score. 45 questions in 1 hour. Section II: Free Response Section - 55% of your score. 2 hours and 15 minutes for: 1 ...your answer sheet, one response per question. Completely fill in the circles. If you need to erase, do so carefully and completely. No credit will be given for anything written in the exam booklet. Scratch paper is not allowed, but you may use the margins or any blank space in the exam booklet for scratch work. Are there any questions? . . .AP® English Language and Composition 2022 Scoring Guidelines. Argument Essay 6 points . Colin Powell, a four-star general and former United States secretary of state, wrote in his 1995 autobiography: “[W]e do not have the luxury of collecting information indefinitely. At some point, before we can have every possible fact in hand, we have to ... .

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